The Psychophysiology Laboratory at New York State Psychiatric Institute (NYSPI) has a long history of using electroencephalographic (EEG) measures of event-related brain potentials (ERPs) and behavioral measures of right-left brain asymmetry to study neurocognitive function in psychopathology. The most widely studied brain potential associated with cognitive function, the P3 component, was discovered by the founder of the laboratory, the late Samuel Sutton. The laboratory continues its studies of cognitive ERPs, quantitative EEG (qEEG), and behavioral measures of brain laterality in patients having depressive, schizophrenic, or anxiety disorders, while also addressing basic research questions of normal brain functioning with healthy populations. Over the last decade, emotional processing and autonomic reactivity (cardiac and bilateral electrodermal measures) have been incorporated in the research agenda, and olfactory ERPs have been recently added. The laboratory has also active collaborations with members of other departments at Psychiatric Institute, including the Depression Evaluation Service, Anxiety Disorders Clinic, Clinical Psychobiology, Child Psychiatry, Clinical & Genetic Epidemiology, Substance Abuse, Neuroscience, and Developmental Psychobiology. In addition to these research activities, the laboratory performs clinical EEG recordings for neurological evaluation of psychiatric inpatients at NYSPI.